- Ctrl-r, which does a normal reload; polling the servers for updates (with help from If-Modified-Since or etags or similar) for each external resource, and loads from local browser cache on HTTP 304 Not Modified type responses.
- Ctrl-Shift-r, which does what's commonly known as a hard refresh; fully reloading all content and external resources, completely ignoring the browser cache.
But there's another way of refreshing a page that's even faster than Ctrl-r :
- Press Alt-d then press Enter -- or press Ctrl-l then press Enter.
This sort of does what Ctrl-r does, except it doesn't check ("poll") whether the servers has any updates with regards to external resources. It'll do a normal request for the resource directly referred to in the address bar of course -- which means most dynamic data will be fetched anew, but external resources are to a much larger extent fetched from local cache.
JavaScript
This refresh type can be done via JavaScript also. Instead of doing window.location.reload(); do window.location.href = window.location.href;
JavaScript
This refresh type can be done via JavaScript also. Instead of doing window.location.reload(); do window.location.href = window.location.href;

